Abstract:
With the increasing application of Integrated Energy Systems (IES), more effective utilization of renewable energy and diversification of energy utilization forms have become urgent issues to address. IES faces challenges in the co-optimization of deep carbon reduction and multi-energy complementarity. This paper proposes a Carbon-Sequestration Geothermal-Integrated Solar Energy System (SGIES) that integrates Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and a CO2 Plume Heat Pump (CPHP), firstly. The proposed CPHP system couples supercritical CO2 heat pump technology with CO2 geological sequestration functionality, using supercritical CO2 as both the energy carrier and sequestration medium to simultaneously provide combined cooling and heating loads while achieving carbon reduction. The study develops an energy utilization model incorporating CSP and compares it with PV/ST systems to validate the feasibility of CSP in synergistically supplying electricity and heat within an IES. Furthermore, a comprehensive sequestration response strategy, based on a tiered carbon penalty and carbon-green certificate mechanism for CO2 geological sequestration, is designed to optimize sequestration costs. The analysis indicates that CSP achieves an energy output of 1798.09 kWh/m, which is 3.68 times higher than that of PV/ST systems, while reducing the footprint by approximately one-third. By integrating cooling/heating supply with carbon sequestration, the CPHP provides clean thermal/cooling loads and achieves an additional sequestration of kg of CO2. It replaces Carbon Capture and Storage/Power-to-Gas (CCS/P2G) systems, thereby reducing system complexity and leading to a cost reduction of $. Consequently, the coupling of CSP and CPHP demonstrates an optimal overall performance improvement of 34.38%.
Xiaohui Yang, Quankai Ma, Zezhong Huang, Zhicong Wang, Zhonghan Zhang, Chilv Wu, Haojie Liu, Qi Zhou, Optimal operation of an integrated energy system for a concentrated solar power plant based on a supercritical CO2 plume heat pump, Applied Thermal Engineering, Volume 295, 2026, 130732, ISSN 1359-4311, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2026.130732
